On This Day: October 25th

Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.

War of 1812: The American frigate, USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.

Golden Jubilee of George III is celebrated in Britain as he begins the fiftieth year of his reign.

King George III succeeds to the British throne on the death of his grandfather George II.

War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet under Admiral Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre.

Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.

Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt.

Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.

Reconquista: After a siege of four months, crusader knights conquer Lisbon.

Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the East Roman Empire.